Gramática práctica

Presente perfecto en inglés: cuándo usarlo y ejemplos claros

Explicación rápida: El presente perfecto conecta el pasado con el presente. Se forma con “have/has + participio”: “I have finished”, “She has been there”.

Estructura básica

Uso o forma	Estructura	Ejemplo
Afirmativa	I have finished / She has finished
Negativa	I haven’t finished / She hasn’t finished
Pregunta	Have you finished? / Has she finished?

30 ejemplos claros

#	Ejemplo
1	I have finished the report.
2	She has visited London twice.
3	They have lived here for years.
4	We have already eaten.
5	He has just arrived.
6	I haven’t seen that movie.
7	She hasn’t called yet.
8	They haven’t decided.
9	Have you ever been to Spain?
10	Has he finished the task?
11	I have lost my keys.
12	She has changed jobs.
13	We have known each other for a long time.
14	They have worked together since 2021.
15	He has never tried sushi.
16	I’ve sent the email.
17	She’s made a mistake.
18	We’ve found a solution.
19	They’ve bought a house.
20	I haven’t had breakfast yet.
21	Have you checked the file?
22	Has she told you?
23	I have studied English before.
24	He has gone home.
25	She has been very busy.
26	We have waited long enough.
27	They have improved a lot.
28	I’ve missed you.
29	She has learned the basics.
30	Have they arrived yet?

Errores comunes

Incorrecto: ~~I have 30 years.~~

Correcto: I am 30 years old.

No confundas “have” de edad con presente perfecto.

Incorrecto: ~~I have went.~~

Correcto: I have gone.

Después de “have” va participio.

Incorrecto: ~~I am here since 2020.~~

Correcto: I have been here since 2020.

Con “since” hasta ahora, usa presente perfecto.

Mini práctica

Completa mentalmente y luego muestra la respuesta.

I have ___ the email.
She has ___ to Paris.
Have you ___ this movie?
They haven’t ___ yet.

Resumen

Quédate con la estructura principal y úsala con frases reales. Una gramática simple, bien aplicada, mejora más que una explicación larga que no se practica.

Preguntas frecuentes

¿Necesito estudiar mucha teoría para usarlo bien?

No. Empieza por la estructura básica, ejemplos frecuentes y errores típicos.

¿Cuál es el error más común?